A burst pipe or major plumbing leak can cause extensive water damage within minutes. Knowing how to shut off your home’s main water supply is one of the most important steps you can take during a plumbing emergency. Acting quickly can minimize damage, protect your belongings, and reduce repair costs.

Here’s how to locate and shut off your home’s main water supply safely.

Locate the Main Water Shut-Off Valve

The main shut-off valve controls the flow of water into your entire home. Its location depends on your property’s layout and climate.

Common locations include:

• Near the water meter.
• In the basement or crawl space.
• Inside a utility room or garage.
• Along an exterior wall where the main water line enters the house.

Take a few minutes to locate the valve before an emergency occurs so you know exactly where it is when every second counts.

Identify the Type of Valve

Most homes have one of two types of shut-off valves:

Gate Valve

A gate valve has a round handle. Turn it clockwise several times until it stops to completely shut off the water.

Ball Valve

A ball valve has a lever handle. Turn the lever a quarter turn (90 degrees) until it is perpendicular to the pipe. This indicates the water supply is off.

Shut Off the Water

If you discover a burst pipe, overflowing fixture, or major leak:

• Turn off the main water valve immediately.
• Open nearby faucets to relieve pressure and drain remaining water from the pipes.
• If the leak is near electrical equipment, switch off the electricity to the affected area only if it is safe to do so.

Check That the Water Is Off

After closing the valve:

• Turn on a faucet inside the house.
• Water should stop flowing after a few moments.
• If water continues running steadily, the valve may not be fully closed or could require replacement.

Know When to Shut Off the Main Supply

You should turn off your home’s main water supply when:

• A pipe bursts.
• A major leak develops.
• A toilet overflows and won’t stop.
• Plumbing repairs require the water to be off.
• You’re leaving home for an extended vacation and want to reduce the risk of water damage.

Keep the Valve Accessible

Many homeowners unknowingly block access to their shut-off valve with storage boxes, furniture, or equipment. Keep the area clear so you can reach the valve quickly during an emergency.

It’s also a good idea to show every family member where the valve is located and how to operate it.